제 8 호 Heavy Work in Youth Is Rest in Old Age?
Kicker: SOCIETY (FINANCE) Heavy Work in Youth Is Rest in Old Age? Youth Poverty Problem and Related Policies by Sol-Hyang Park, Reporter cookie7152@naver.com There is a saying that "Heavy work in youth is quiet rest in old age." It means that if you experience hard and difficult things in your youth, you can gain experience and live a better life later. However, it is questionable whether such a saying is for the current generation of young people who are living in an unfavorable environment where poverty is becoming more entrenched than in the past. 1. The Youth Poverty The current youth, who have the best qualifications in history due to their high college entrance rates, are facing difficult times. In Korean society, where college graduation has become mandatory, the majority of young people start their careers by paying off their student loans. Even if one barely gets a job, what young people first meet in the real society is continual restructuring, an unstable labor market, and rising housing prices. According to the report by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs in 2017, the poverty rate between the ages of 25 to 29 has been rising steadily from 4.7% in 2013, 5.9% in 2014 and 7.1% in 2015. Moreover, once poor young people are very likely to remain in poverty. In fact, the relative income poverty rate of young people aged 19 to 34 was 6.7% in 2006, and the poverty rate was 6.3% in 2015 when they turned 28 to 43. As a result, once poor young people are not easy to get out of poverty no matter how much effort they make. What policies has the government introduced to solve these youth poverty problems? 2. Youth Income Guarantee System\ To solve the problem of youth poverty, Seoul and Gyeonggi Province introduced 'Youth Allowance' and 'Youth Basic Income'. In the case of Gyeonggi-do Province, all young people aged 24 are paid unconditionally. In the case of Seoul, the benefits vary depending on the qualification requirements like young people aged 19 to 34 who are unemployed or those who are more than two years old after graduation. It is seemingly a clean and good policy. However, there is a common problem with both policies. Among young people, if they are recipients of national basic livelihood security, the government takes it as a double payment, so they are excluded from benefits. Seoul officials tried to allow basic livelihood recipients to receive youth allowances, but the Ministry of Health and Welfare said it was difficult. It is a welfare policy that goes against equity. In other words, the poorer the person is, the more isolated he or she is from welfare. 3. Young Tomorrow Deduction “The Young Tomorrow Deduction (청년내일채움공제)” policy has been implemented since July, 2016 to promote the inflow of unemployed young people (ages 15 to 34) into small businesses, to support long service and assets building for young people employed in small businesses, and to ease wage gaps with large companies. There are two-year and three-year forms. In the case of the two-year form, if a young person (aged 15-34) who is employed for the first time in a company that has joined the Youth Tomorrow Fill Deduction pays a total of 3 million (1.25 million per month) for two years, he can receive 16 million and (+interest) two years later. In the case of the three-year form, if one pays a total of 6 million (1.65million per month) for three years, he can receive 30 million. Only young people who are employed by companies certified as "root companies" can join. While it may serve the purpose of maintaining long service for young people and raising lump sum money, one of the challenges is that the workplace is small businesses. Workplaces can be very poor and disastrous. Young people should have to choose the company carefully. The moment you are simply blinded by money, you are bound to regret it. In fact, the project is not only for young people but also for small businesses. All conditions could not be met only by young workers. It is inevitable for young people to endure hard working hours. 4. The Youth Business Internship System "The Youth Business Internship System (청년취업인턴제)" enhances the possibility of full-time employment for unemployed young people through internships by supporting part of the company's labor costs for up to one year. It is for unemployed young people (aged 15-34). The process is five step : applying for personal internships → examination of qualifications → job matching and counseling → pre-job training → internship. It seems to be a good policy for young people preparing for employment. However, judging from the annual surge in youth unemployment, it seems not to have much effect. This is expected to continue with the Corona crisis. I pointed out the main government policies for young people. In addition, there are several other policies supporting tuition and housing expenses for young people. Also, large companies, such as POSCO, are actively supporting young people. Please make sure to look into the benefits you can receive through these links. Even if the benefits are minimal, it would be better than not knowing! (https://www.korea.kr/special/policyCurationView.do?newsId=148864193&pWise=main&pWiseMain=K3) (http://youth.posco.com/posco/edu/index.php?mod=education&pag=education01) Major policies for young people mostly focus on only employment. Even this is doubtful of effectiveness. The youth welfare policies should be integrated in terms of income, employment, assets and housing. Young people should be a practical subject of welfare, as they are the major growth engines in the future.I hope that young people will be rewarded later as much as they have suffered. Sources : https://www.pressian.com/pages/articles/264439#0DKU https://newsroom.posco.com/kr/%EC%B2%AD%EB%85%84-%EB%81%9D%EB%82%A0-%EB%95%8C%EA%B9%8C%EC%A7%80-%EB%81%9D%EB%82%9C-%EA%B2%8C-%EC%95%84%EB%8B%88%EB%8B%A4/ https://www.ytn.co.kr/_ln/0102_202010131728326438 https://www.sbcplan.or.kr/main.do?introGbn=02 http://repository.kihasa.re.kr/bitstream/201002/20831/1/2017.2%20No.244.02.pdf
제 7 호 Electric Scooters, Two-faces of Smart Mobility
KICKER: SOCIETY (SHARING SERVICE) Electric Scooters, Two-faces of Smart Mobility Revolutionary or far to go? By Dong-Wook Kim, Reporter smartpodo@kakao.com Recently, sharing service has been such a trend around the world. You can easily find lots of people on crowded streets, riding electric scooters to reach their destinations. However, due to the short history of sharing services, their laws and cultures are not settled yet. Can there be some problems with electric scooters, despite having become popular attractions of consumers and the market at the same time? Appearance of a New Transportation If you are thinking to move just a few meters, but you think it is unclear whether to ride a bus or go on foot, electric scooters can be something tempting for you. It is simple to ride electric scooters around if you just download the application on your smartphone and find where the scooters are parked. It is perfect for pedestrians who are willing to move shorter distances than riding buses or subways. Just by looking at the crowded cities, you can easily spot students, office workers and some self-employed people riding electric scooters to go to their destinations. Smart cities, cities combined with electronics, have been a solution to rapid urbanization. Electric Scooters Parked at the Corner of the Street Including personal mobilities, like electric scooters and electric bicycles, are called smart mobilities. Smart mobilities usually use electricity as their main power which means they do not emit exhaust gas when riding. Therefore, the importance of smart mobilities has come into prominence due to the eco-friendly system. According to the Korea Transport Institute, the smart mobility market is growing more than 20% annually. Korea’s smart mobility market scale is going to reach up to two hundred thousand smart mobilities by 2022. In conclusion, as smart mobilities develop, members of the society become comfortable. As for users, the process becomes efficient because they can use the optimal transportation through many situations of the traffic. In addition, less people are likely to use transportation based on roads, so we can expect traffic jams to happen less. For business purposes, the operators can collect the data of the users so they can further use. For instance, there can be information about individuals’ preferences of smart mobilities or the distance the smart mobility users travel on average. When Inventions Emerge, Problems Come Out Too As written above, smart mobility made our lives much easier than before. However, as smart mobility markets grow rapidly, the users and press are demanding to amend the law for user’s safety. Since this market is quite new and it differs from the original transportation on roads, here are some issues about smart mobility in Korea. Improvement of the Legal System Due to the expansion of smart mobilities, the maintenance of the legal system about vehicles must be amended. Until the 9th of June 2020, to ride electric scooters, you had to be older than 16 years old and also have a two - class driver license. If you still meet the former conditions, electric scooters are classified as a motor device so they were not allowed to be ridden on bicycle roads or sidewalks. Yet now the laws are amended for users to use more electric scooters. Users without the driver license can now ride electric scooters if they are older than age 13. Yet, the law will not come into effect until the 10th of December 2020. Still, there is a lot to legislate about riding electric scooters. As said before electric scooters are only allowed to be ridden on roads with vehicles. However, their maximum speed is controlled to be 25kmh which is quite dangerous if riding with cars. Safety Plans Should Be Drawn up With the improvement of legal systems, there should be some plans between the smart mobilities and the pedestrians or the vehicles. Just like electric scooters, bicycles are classified as a motor device. If there is an accident between the pedestrian and the rider, the rider is most likely to take most of the responsibility. Still, bicycles still have their private bicycle roads, but this is not the case for electric scooters. The users of the electric scooters are in a dilemma of riding on a dangerous road with vehicles or to threaten the pedestrians or bicycles on sidewalks. To ensure the safety of pedestrians, there should be laws that can make safer electric scooters. For instance, it can be an obligation to attach bells to warn the pedestrians or the reflector lights. It can also be an obligation to put on safety helmets and safety equipment while riding the scooters. Concerned with the low entry barriers of the scooters from December, safety training and riding guidelines should be widely spread among the users. A User Riding Electric Scooter without Safety Gears Parking Issues with Electric Scooters You might be wondering why parking scooters at a random place can be a problem, but it has a lot of drawbacks. Electric scooters have a parking system called free - floating, which the users can just park anywhere they want. This can be beneficial for the users to just use the electric scooters everywhere but not for the others who are using the road. Even some landlords are making an appeal that the random electric scooters are parked in front of their houses. There are no definite fines to the free - floating systems yet. Thus, the need for temporary parking places for electric scooters is desperate. The users of the scooters and the companies of these smart mobilities should intend for users to use the fixed parking place. Electric Scooter Parked at Someone's Property In 2020, there are more than 10 enterprises which are providing smart mobility services in Korea. While the service is growing its market fast, indeed, will there be more specific laws introduced for the electric scooter users and the pedestrians? I hope someday an agreement between the two shall be made so everyone can feel relaxed while riding electric scooters. Sources: https://hankookilbo.com/News/Read/202005111727051195 https://biz.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2019/09/28/2019092800735.html https://www.idsn.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=30413
제 6 호 Are You Just Going to Save Money?
Kicker: SOCIETY (FINANCE) Are You Just Going to Save Money? National Finance Enterprise for Youth by Ju-eun Yeon/Editor Yeonje1113@naver.com There is a national financial project for young people. The project is supported by the state and is being carried out for young people who have just begun to enter society. How much do you know about this project? Let’s take some time to see if there is a financial project you can apply for. ▲The Image of Dollar Terms of support for financial projects Since it is a state-supported financial project, special conditions are needed to apply for the product. it is the median income and age. We know what is median income? Median income is the income of 50 % of all households based on their income. This refers to the income of a household equivalent to 50 % of its total income. That is, the income of the middle-positioned households when they are lined up on an income-based basis. Types and contents of financial projects There are several national projects for young people, but his article describes the five national projects represented. Youth preferential savings bankbook, youth savings account, hope double youth bankbook, working youth bankbook, and speaking youth bankbook. ▲The Image of Saving 1) Youth Preferential Savings Bankbook Youth preferential savings bankbook is subscription accounts giving interest rates of up to 3.3 percent for young people. Those aged 19 to 34 and earning less than 30 million won a year can apply for the program if they are homeless or if they are expected to be homeless within three years. 2) Youth Savings Account The youth savings account is a product that will start anew in 2020, and if you save 100,000 won per month for three years, you can save a total of 14.4 million won by adding up the government’s subsidies. The target is young people between the ages of 15 and 39, or those with a median income of less than 50 percent. Youngpeople who work part-time jobs or temporary work can apply, so if you are a university student who works part-time jobs a lot, make sure to apply after meeting the conditions. It is impossible to overlap with tomorrow’s deduction for young people who work for small and medium-sized enterprises. To briefly explain tomorrow’s deduction, one can receive more than five times as much money as one’s savings to pave the way for future design. Based on the date of full-time employment, young people aged between 15 and 34 can apply if their wages are less than 3.5 million won per month. 3) Hope Double Youth Bankbook It is a bankbook that makes twice as much. Not only can you double the principal, but you can also receive interest. Savings and duration can be selected, and savings are in units of 50,000 won, 100,000 won, and 150,000 won, and the period is two or three years. The target condition requires conditions, including local conditions. It must be a young person between 18 and 34 who lives in Seoul. Income should be less than 200 won. Finally, you must be currently working or have experience in office. 4) The Working Youth Bankbook A working youth bankbook can be paid 10 million won if it saves 100,000 won per month for three years. The above-mentioned “hope double youth bank account” is centered in Seoul, while the working youth bank account is centered in Gyeonggi Province. For Gyeonggi Province,you can not only be a resident but also your place of work must be in Gyeonggi Province. Applicable if the median income is below 100 percent among working young people aged 18 to 24. 5) Speaking Youth Bankbook Youth hope raising account targeted livelihood benefits recipients. If you save 100,000 won a month for three years, you can receive a total of 15 million won, including information subsidies. The target is young workers aged between 15 and 39 who are recipients of livelihood benefits. The problems of national financial projects So far, we have looked at national financial projects targeting young people. Here is a question. Were readers aware of the business? There will be readers who know, but there will be some who do not. Although the country is currently carrying out various project for young people, the promotional effect is very minimal. Therefore, various promotional policies should be implemented so that many young people who meet the conditions can know and apply. Moreover, there are many restrictions on projects currently being carried out in the country. Since it is a national project, it is inevitable that restrictions will follow, but young people who are in a difficult economic situation due to the condition of median income are shunned. The government should make more efforts to solve these problems. Some of the financial projects may be suitable for Sangmyung University students who meet the conditions. In particular, Sangmyung University students who have moved their registration sites are more likely to meet the conditions. I hope you make a wise financial plan. Sources: https://blog.naver.com/luxuryjh72/221981486202 https://blog.naver.com/andyfirstlv/221880412351 https://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=3534601&cid=40942&categoryId=31815 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZNp2YAk1eKw
제 5 호 Corona Virus
Kicker: SOCIETY (DISEASE) Corona Virus Sociological Approach to Disease Inside the Country By Eugene Ha, Reporter eugine16@naver.com There has been a big issue around the world since New Year’s Day in 2020. It is not a nuclear bomb, not a world war, it is a virus. This is a new type of corona virus from China. This is a pathogen like SARS and MERS that causes severe respiratory symptoms, which have been problematic worldwide. Various phenomena are emerging due to this virus, and I would like to look at them from a sociological perspective in the categories of Aversion, Discrimination, Psychology and Countermeasures. ∙ Aversion and Discrimination The first social phenomenon to be highlighted by the new type of corona virus is an aversion that is more frightening than infection. It is a phenomenon of loathing for Chinese and Asians. We can clearly see this phenomenon through all the articles on the Internet, SNS, and related words mentioned with “disgusting.” In the last week of January, when the corona 19 began, “China” ranked 3rd after “Women” and “People,” and “Corona” first appeared in 5th place. From the third week of February, “Chinese” ranked 2nd, “Chinese Abomination” in 10th and “Chinese Entry” in 12th place. The frequency of the use of hateful expressions of “jjangkae,” which means disparaging Chinese people, has also increased. And we can see the emotional words mentioned were changed to “infected,” “disgusted” and “horror.” This aversion is spreading to Xenophobia, not simply stopping from Chinese abhorrence. Xenophobia which “Xenos,” means “a stranger” and “phobos,” means “horror, fear” is excluding and hating foreigners or strangers. ▲Related words with Phobia and Xenophobia In response, many human rights activists said, “Infectious diseases are a phenomenon that can be caught by anyone and spread around the world, but putting negative expressions on specific regions, gender and race can be the basis of discrimination.” It is creating an abomination and creating unfair human rights victims. This does not stop at discrimination. It affects Chinese food, culture and business. This is not a right thing. ∙ Psychology People’s fears of an infection are growing as they see real-time news on TV and see the growing number of infected people day by day. Corona symptoms include fever, cough, and sore throat. However, people wonder if it is corona even if they have headaches due to such anxiety and fear. If you look at the Internet, there are “corona headaches,” “corona stomachaches,” “corona dizziness,” and “corona diarrhea”. At times like this, the public needs to be more calm. However, there are some people who abuse using this psychology. There are people who write articles, sell foods or things that are not known to prevent disease, or make fake news about infected people and the dead. Such an immoral phenomenon should not occur. People should work together to overcome such an inevitable disease like the virus. ∙Countermeasures With more and more infected people coming out and their movements identified, Corona-related sites and applications are becoming an issue. On January 30, a “Corona Map,” which a student at Kyung Hee University made, allows users to see the movements of the infected patients. ▲Korea's first coronavirus-related site, “Corona Map” The “Corona Al-li-mi’’ site, developed by four students from KoreaUniversity, was then introduced on Feb. 2. Based on location information, this allows users to search for the location of an infected patient’s visit, a specific map of the clinic near the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and phone numbers. The other one, the “Coronaita” site, tells the number of places that have been closed or visited by a person within a three-kilometer radius of a particular place nationwide. And on March 5th, college students who created the above “Corona Al-li-mi” site opened the “Mask Al-li-mi” site, which provides information on mask inventory at convenience stores. They are also looking for ways to inform about not only convenience stores but also drug stores and marts. ▲From the left “Corona Al-li-mi”, “Coronaita”, and “Mask Al-li-mi” Now, if you look at the government's counterplan, there are postponement of elementary, middle and high schools, remote classes for college students, mask supply, and office telecommuting. Schools where young students live together all day and share meals are more vulnerable to infectious diseases. The opening of school on March 2nd was postponed until March 16th. Two weeks later it was postponed an additional 23 days due to severe local infection. Because it is impossible to secure enough masks to provide to students at present, there are no people who will agree to open schools under these such circumstances. Also, because university students gather from various regions, most universities are offering alternative courses by remote classes until April. Since office workers have to work with masks on and are exposed to infection, many companies are allowing telecommuting. The most problematic phenomenon is the lack of masks. As a result, the government introduced on March 5th that people can purchase masks according to their year of birth at pharmacies. You can buy two masks with your ID. It was implemented as a measure to cope with the unstable supply and demand of masks. In conclusion, the new corona virus has become a major issue worldwide, and we could find how it has affected various aspects of society. We could see changes in the way people cope with the situation and people's perception and behavior. Also, people could get fast and accurate information through various applications or sites. However, it is not right to just ignore and watch the situation where the Phobia phenomena leads to discriminatory remarks and indiscriminate assaults toward Asians as well as Chinese. The government should provide support in treating patients and provide monitoring and care to prevent the disease from spreading, and citizens should work together to prevent infection by doing social distancing and putting themselves in quarantine. Sources: http://www.mediatoday.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=205745 http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/society/rights/931870.html https://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=2009635&cid=43667&categoryId=43667 https://www.fnnews.com/news/202003141638557570 https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20200313172500004?input=1195m http://news.kbs.co.kr/news/view.do?ncd=4396733&ref=A https://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=5926931&cid=43667&categoryId=43667
제 4 호 What is Your Principle?
Kicker : SOCIETY (JUSTICE) What is Your Principle? Justifying the Rushing Trolley By Yeon-Soo Kim, Reporter alodino@naver.com Every single person has their own life. Through tides of seconds, we go through particular experiences. It could be a joyful success, sometimes miserable drawbacks, or heartbreaking losses. We catches lessons passing time. Through streams of emotions, we grow our own principle. We define our issues through our principles. We tell ourselves or others whether it is right or wrong by it. However, we need to always question ourselves. Is it logical? Do You Have a Right Principle? There is a trolley* rushing down the rail. It is unstoppable since its brakes are out of control. Rail’s ending point is, unfortunately, where 5 innocent workers are working, who are perfectly unawared of the upcoming tragedy. In front of you, there is a steering wheel, which can switch the rail system, which will change where this trolley is heading. This other destination is where a single innocent worker is hardworking, also unnoticed. If you stand there, touching nothing, will definitely occur 5 tragic deaths. Yet, if you spin the steering wheel, 5 tragic deaths would change to a single man’s death. What is your choice? In other words, what does your principle say? △ Trolley Dilemma Can We Measure the Weight of Lives? This dilemma is called the “Trolley dilemma” which is one of the major opposing theories to Utilitarianism**. Thinking saving 5 people by killing, in other words sacrificing, 1 person is logical is actually one of the backbones of Utilitariansim. However, in real life, it isn’t simple to weigh human lives. What if the 1 person standing at the end of the rail had an old mother, 5 children, and he was the only man earning money? What if the 5 men were just out of jail, and they were planning serious crime? What if, what if, what if… There will be endless chains of “Why” and “If” in real life as soon as we start to define so called “Justice”. Actually, this “Trolley Dilemma” is one of the hot issues online, which people argue endlessly. What Happens if the Computer Confronts This Trolley Manless automobiles are not only imagination in movies anymore. Human’s science technology is bringing automatic vehicles to real life every single second. Running car is a convenience and a danger at the same time. Mishandled car on a crowded road can lead to a huge tragedy. That is why in every country, people need to pass a particular test to get their driving license. However, we cannot make computers, particualy A.Is, to study driving exam. Programmers, the theoretical fathers of A.Is, need to properly design algorithms properly. The trolley dilemma is one of the main issues designing manless cars. A.I’s principle must not follow particular man. Automatic car softwares’ principle need to convince their users, since their instant judgments can risk their users’ lives. There could also be a “Trolley dilemma” driving your own vehicle. For example, lets say that you are driving a car on a highway. At the middle of the road, you notice that your car’s brake is out of control. Frustrated, you look for any emergency exit, but the only thing you find is the fact that you are heading to a huge bus. If you turn your steering wheel you can avoid a serious collision with the bus, but you will inevitably collide with a way much smaller vehicle. A collision with the bus will deifinity cause your serious injury, or even death. However, with the smaller vehicle you have a high possibility of getting a minor injury and the cost of serious damage to the small vehicle. Are you going to turn the steering wheel? A lot of people would turn the steering wheel because of survival instinct. Maybe we could justify the turned wheel by saying we cannot control an instant decision caused by instincts. However, automatic driving software is not operated by instant instincts. They are operated by a sophisticated algorithm which is designed by programmers. Programmers have plenty of time to decide which choice would be right. No One is Right or Wrong We can not blame someone ignoring the running trolley to avoid responsibility, or turning their vehichles to save their own lives. People are designed to be selfish, to consider their own lives most important. No one is right or wrong, there are only endless arguments, pros, and cons. The only thing we need to do is questioning endlessly about our own principle. Can we logically define every circumstance? Do we have logical principles? * a small vehicle with wheels that can be pushed or pulled along and is used for carrying things ** the belief that the right course of action is the one that will produce the greatest happiness of the greatest number of people Sources: Trolley Problem – Killing and Letting Die (http://www.jamesrachels.org/killing.pdf) Trolley Problem (https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/the-trolley-problem) Moral minds by Marc. D. Hauser (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/226211593_Marc_D_Hauser_Moral_minds_How_nature_designed_our_universal_sense_of_right_and_wrong) JUSTICE: What's the right thing to do? by Michael J. Sandel (http://justiceharvard.org/justice-whats-the-right-thing-to-do/) Oxford Learner’s Dictionaries (https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/trolley?q=trolley) (https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/utilitarianism?q=Utilitarianism)
제 4 호 Should the Term 경성(Gyeongseong) Era Exist?
Kicker:SOCIETY(HISTORY) Should the Term 경성(Gyeongseong) Era Exist? Having Proper Historical Awareness on the Occasion of the 100th Anniversary of the March First Independence Movement By Su-jeong Sim, Editor tlatnwjd97@naver.com Regarding the so-called Gyeongseong Era sensibility, these days look at the SNS of younger generations, and you can see many people wearing various costumes worn during the time of enlightenment. However, criticism is rising that this is wrong. In this article, let's find out about the term Gyeongseong Era and the commemoration of wearing the clothing of the Gyeongseong Era. How did it so wrong and why was it criticized? ▲The Search Result of the Gyeongseong Era on the SNS ▶What Is the Gyeongseong Era?: The Term Gyeongseong Era Should Not Exist A new term that combines new and retro, the new, fun trend of retro is called New - tro. New - tro is prevalent now, in particular, the Gyeongseong Era came to mind as dramas such as “Mr. Sunshine” and “Hotel Del Luna” were popular. ▲Gyeongseong Era Costumes from the Dramas. The Gyeongseong Era is generally referring to the 1920s and 30s. This period was the Japanese colonial era, when Korea was deprived of itssovereignty* and forced to be ruled by the Japanese. *sovereignty: the supreme, independent, and absolute power that finally determines the state's intention. An important thing is Gyeongseong was the name that Japan changed the name of Seoul(Hanyang), our capital city, during the colonial period. Therefore, the term Gyeongseong Era is not genuine, and it can be said that the term Gyeongseong Era itself is a remnant of Japan's colonial rule. Critics say the prevalence of using the term Gyeongseong Era is no different from glorifying and distorting the nation's painful history with our own hands, and that it should not be consumed any longer. ▶Opinion of Sangmyung University Students about Gyeongseong Era I conducted the survey because I want to hear the opinions of students at Sangmyung University about Gyeongseong Era. ✔️Q1: Did you know that the Gyeongseong Era emerged when Japan by force changed Hanyang into Gyeongseong during the Japanese colonial era? According to an analysis of 33 people who participated in the survey, it shows that 21 people(63.6%) said they knew and 12 people(36.4%) said they did not. ✔️Q2:What do you think about using the term Gyeongseong to do business? (EX: Gyeongseong Tavern, Gyeongseong Era Costume) According to an analysis of 33 people who participated in the survey, it shows that 9 people were in agreement and 24 people disagreed. 72.7% of people disagreed. ✔️Q3: What do you think about celebrating wearing costumes from the time of enlightenment? Agree A minority of people said that individual freedom is the biggest factor of their agreement. A1: Since it's a history of pain, I don't think it's bad to remember the history in the way of wearing costumes from the time of enlightenment. A2: In a way, I think it's okay because we have settled into another play culture without forgetting our history. Only a successful past can't be remembered. A3: I think it is necessary to know the background of the appearance of modern clothing. Based on the correct knowledge of history, if we express the charm to our culture, I think it can bring positive development to society and clothing technology. Disagree Many people said that history beautification (Japanese colonial era beautification) is the biggest factor of their disagreement. A1: I think there's a good chance it's going to be one of the obstacles to the formation of good historical awareness. A2: I think it is necessary to have a proper education because there are many people who know the enlightenment period only as the time when there were beautiful and pretty costumes. A3: I think we should know history properly. ✔️Q4: Additional Opinions about the Gyeongseong Era? A1:In fact, I only know about our country's oppression and colonial policies. I don't know about of the culture or the lifestyle of our people during that era. I hope we can re-examine that and get people's attention. A2: As I have only recently learned about the origin of the word Gyeongseong, I don't think the real meaning of Gyeongseong is very well known. I hope many people are interested in this and have many opportunities to think again. A3: The commercial use of the term Gyeongseong, in itself is, equivalent to profiting from the sadness of history. ▶Vestiges of Japanese Imperialism Remaining In Daily life Did you know that the words that you use often in your daily life, such as Fighting, Class president, and Vice-president, are vestiges of Japanese imperialism? From now on, let us carefully examine the following words or actions. The following are some example of vestiges of Japanese imperialism in use in daily life. ✔Name / Term / Language Vestiges of Japanese Imperialism Alternative Class president, Vice-president 반장, 부반장 Chairman, Vice-Chairman 회장, 부회장 Instruction(s) 훈화 Words of Blessing 덕담 Fighting 파이팅 Cheer up 힘내 Name of School with *Bearing 방위가들어간학교이름 *Bearing: Direction Rename School 학교이름바꾸기 Notification - ex) Report of Absence ~계(屆)-예)결석계 Declaration 신고서 ✔School Culture Vestiges of Japanese Imperialism Alternative Attention/Bow 차렷/경례 Hi 안녕하세요 School Trip수학여행 Exploration of Culture 문화탐방 Remember it is the centennial* of the March First Independence Movement, so let's correct the misperceptions of the Japanese colonial era and continue our generation correctly. *Centennial: 100th anniversary Sources: https://m.post.naver.com/viewer/postView.nhn?volumeNo=23547326&memberNo=11036773&vType=VERTICAL https://blog.naver.com/flnalnt/221649129973 Photo: www.instagram.com Photo: https://tv.naver.com/
제 3 호 What is a Carpool?
Kicker: SOCIETY(CARPOOL) What is a Carpool? The Change to Our Lives by the Sharing Economy By Su-jeong Sim, Reporter tlatnwjd97@naver.com Taxis are convenient to use when you move in everyday life. Do you usually use taxis a lot? Then, what do you think about ride-sharing? Do you know about carpools? Conflicts between carpools and the taxi industry are becoming an issue. This article will cover carpools, taxis and the sharing economy. ▶Definition of a Carpool A carpool is to share a ride in vehicles when travelling in the same or similar directions to a destination. In Korea, carpools are allowed on a limited basis between 7 a.m. ~ 9 a.m. and 6 p.m. ~ 8 p.m. during commuting time. It is prohibited to operate on weekends and holidays. Carpools have advantages such as saving fares and an alternative to taxi drivers refusal to take a passenger. Also carpools have disadvantages such as safety problems for passengers and violating taxi drivers’ right to survive. Carpool is classified as a kind of sharing economy by connecting the vehicle and the driver to the passenger. ▲Share a ride in vehicles when travelling in the same or similar directions to a destination ▶Sharing Economy: Taxis vs Carpools Sharing economy refers to an economy based on cooperative consumption, in which once-produced products are shared by several people. Carpool is a ride-sharing service. Carpool services have begun to emerge by utilizing the exception of Article 81(Article 81: Prohibits paid transportation of one’s own car) of the Passenger Automobile Transport Business Act, "Allow one’s own car paid-in transportation act for commuting purposes only." Under the exception, the carpool app was allowed, but it has been at odds with the taxi industry because the commuting time is not specified accurately. The taxi drivers are against carpools. It is because of the taxi drivers’ right to survive. "Although carpools limit services, if a carpool is cheaper, citizens would naturally use carpool services, which would eventually lead to the expansion of carpool services," taxi drivers said. Rallies against carpools have been held and in one case, a taxi driver died while protesting against carpools. Consequently, it was clearly amended to allow only limited time between 7 a.m. ~ 9 p.m. and between 6 p.m. ~ 8 p.m. ▶Opinion of Sangmyung University Students about Carpools I conducted the survey because I want to hear the opinions of students at Sangmyung University about carpools. Agree and Disagree Ratio about Carpool According to an analysis of 30 people who participated in the survey, it shows that 21 people were in agreement with carpools and 9 people disagreed. 70% of people agreed. Reason for Favoring Carpools Affordable fares were the biggest part of the opinion in favor of carpools. -Other opinions ✔Solving the problem of taxi driver refusal to take a passenger ✔Preventing taxi drivers from deliberately extending the time to get more charges ✔Revitalizing the sharing economy Reason for Opposing Carpools Opposition to carpools was mostly accounted about the issue of taxi driver survival and passenger safety. It would be disturbing if it weren't for the same gender passenger/driver. Criminal news of taxi drivers whose identities have been proven is also sometimes talked about. The carpool, which is not guaranteed to be safe for both drivers and passengers, cannot be guaranteed to be safe. Opinions about Carpool Commuting Time Many students' say that the idea of allowing carpools during commuting time is generally good. ✔I think it's good if only allowed during commuting time. ✔Commuting time carpool is good because commuting time is very complicated. ✔There are often no taxis during commuting time, so it would be nice to allow carpools only at that time. There is also opposition to allowing commuting time carpools, albeit slightly. ✔Taxis and carpools will become more crowded together and cause traffic congestion. Additional Opinions about Carpools ✔In the case of taxi drivers, there is identification information in front of the seats, and it would be better to apply the same information to the carpool bill or enforcement ordinance to ensure safety. ✔I hope it is possible to be only with the same gender when using a carpool ✔I think it would be better to run the carpool at a time when public transportation is not running ✔I don't know why carpools should be illegal in the first place ✔Carpools should be allowed not only during commuting time, but in all hours Looking at the changes to our lives by the sharing economy, the sharing economy can bring about convenient lives, but it can also bring side effects like dispute between carpools and taxis. We need to implement a sharing economy that can prevent side effects. Sources: https://m.terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=5765034&cid=43667&categoryId=43667 https://m.terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=938206&cid=43667&categoryId=43667 https://m.terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=5706845&cid=43667&categoryId=43667 https:m.blog.naver.comccrs2009/221421260721
제 3 호 Do You Have a Meal?
Kicker: SOCIETY (NUTRITION) Do You Have a Meal? The Problem of Eating for College Students by Chae-eun Song, Cub Reporter thdcogml@naver.com “Did you have a meal?” “Let’s have a meal!” You’ve heard this before, haven’t you? In Korea, we have a lot of clichés about meals. However, can you agree that this question is essential to college students these days? In our country, young people already have given up many things. Unfortunately, they even give up eating meals today. According to the recent study about food evaluation index by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, overall, the index was low. However, the diet of people in their 20s and 30s was found to be the most. In the food evaluation index, people in their 20s scored 57.5 points, which was lowest. People in their 20s had the lowest rates of eating breakfast, eating grains and fruits, and saturated fatty acids, which are abundant in meat and dairy products. So, why does this situation happen? Also, how can we solve this problem? I conducted a survey with Sang myung University students to hear about their thinking. Fifty students answered my survey. Only 7% of respondents answered that they have a regular diet habit. In addition, 60% of them answered that they feel they are not getting enough nutrition. The most common reason for this situation is ‘causing from school timetable’, 66% of respondents answered that. Like this, we can face the problem through friends around us. Big problems with students Also I asked the question to find out problems that students realized themselves. “What is the biggest problem of your eating habits?” Almost all students realized that they had a big problem with their eating habits themselves. In addition, they have similar problems. To sum up, the opinion was that they eat just fast food or convenience food because of a lack of time. In serious cases, some of them do not eat anything during the daytime, which is causing binge eating at night. Soultions from students Moreover, many students gave me an idea to solve this problem. Among them, I sorted out solutions that we can implement now. First of all, it is consider the time to eat when making your lecture schedule. Therefore, students can take a meal at a proper time. Then, the biggest culprit causing students' irregular eating habits could be solved. Also, second, it is a solution sell breakfast in school to students for a cheap price. With a reasonable budget, restaurants in the school could offer fresh foods that can both have nutrition and time-efficient, such as salads and yogurt with nuts. Third, there is a solution that students can practice on their own. They know about their own nutritional problems, but very few students do direct work, such as packing their own lunches. If students pack healthy lunches for their own nutrition that they take care of themselves, it would probably be the quickest and easiest solution. Therefore, it would be nice to do activities that can raise awareness among students. Examples include picket activities, video clips of what could happen in the future if students continue to have unhealthy eating habits, and so on. The results show that students themselves are aware of their nutritional problems and are thinking about how to solve them. For the young people who already have so many burdens and who will lead the future, we must help them so that their meals do not become a burden at all. The way which helps young bloods to not give up their energy sources and health in modern times begins with a small fire of imagination and creation solutions. To sum up, when we have a proper attention and support, we can solve the problem. Source: http://www.segye.com/newsView/20181230001484?OutUrl=naver
제 2 호 Social Welfare for SMU Students
Kicker: SOCIETY (SOCIAL WELFARE) Social Welfare for SMU Students Focus Check-up: Current State of Welfare and School Policies for Disabled People by Hye-im Li, Reporter, Sarah Chae, Editor kateli1004@naver.com, sarah3fran@gmail.com You made it, half of 2019 has already gone by. You might have gone through half of this year on your own, but sometimes you might need help. Today, the SM Herald will take a look at social welfare policies that are closely related to you as an SMU student. More specifically, we will handle welfare policies for the Youth, Women, and the Disabled. Now let’s check-up on a couple of policies and the tasks ahead for each subject. 1. Youth Welfare Policies Summary Financial Support Tomorrow Filling Aid for Young Employees (also called Tomorrow Mutual Aid for Young Employees) Recruitment Support Young Recruitment Activity Support Fund There are four categories of Youth Welfare Policies. Out of Support for Recruitment (Employment), Start-ups, Living/Welfare, and Residential/Financial Policies, we decided to introduce the two policies above. Tomorrow Filling Aid for Young Employees This is a business run together by the Ministry of Employment and Labor, and the Ministry of SMEs and Startups in order to make young people work longer at their companies. The youth, companies, and government put aside and save money together for young people who work for 2-3 years at small/middle sized companies as a full-time employee. After 2-3 years, the Filling Aid is given to the young worker in the form of a performance-based benefit, or more easily, a bonus. You can see the difference between the 2 and 3 year Filling Aid below. (Won) 2 year aid 3 year aid Total Amount of Money the Young Person (You) Pay 3,000,000 6,000,000 Monthly Amount the Young Person (You) Pay 125,000 165,000 Amount of Money the Company Supports 4,000,000 6,000,000 Amount of Money the Government Supports 9,000,000 18,000,000 Total Amount of Money Given 16,000,000 + (Interest) 30,000,000 + (Interest) This program gives the youth chances to save big money and for the companies to hold on to talented workers. You can apply for this if you are between 15-34 years (up until 39 if you have served in the army) old, and within 3 months after you are recruited for a full-time job. Then, you need to send an application on the Worknet Youth Filling Aid Website (www.work.go.kr/youngtomorrow) and also apply for a subscription at the Ministry of SMEs and Startups Website (www.sbcplan.or.kr). If you want more information, call the Ministry of Employment and Labor (1350). Young Recruitment Activity Support Fund This program is a support fund for job seekers. You can get up to 3 million won (500 thousand won a month, total six months) as support, and also get employment services. These services include support program guides, job lectures, training, and if requested, 1:1 counseling as well. If you don’t have a job, are between 18-34 years old, if it is within 2 years after you graduated or dropped out of school, and if your standard income is under 120%, you can go ahead and apply at the Online Youth Center (https://www.youthcenter.go.kr/seekActvSptfndAppl/aboutThis.do). 2. Women Welfare Policies Summary Strengthening the System of Promoting Gender Equality - Installing a department dedicated to gender equality in major government departments - Installing Gender Equality Centers in several regions Strengthening the Protection of Women’s Rights for Victims of Violence - Support for victims of digital sex crimes - Support for domestic violence victims The Korean government has selected strengthening and improving the two categories above as major tasks for women policies for the past 2 years. Let’s take a quick look for what has been done for each task. Strengthening the System of Promoting Gender Equality In order to deal with sexual violence and discrimination problems in the culture and art, school, and the work areas, departments dedicated to gender equality have been installed in major government departments. Gender equality policy officers were set up at the Ministry of Education, Ministry of Justice, Ministry of Culture/Sports/Tourism, Ministry of Health and Welfare, and the Ministry of Employment and Labor. In the case of the Police Department and the Supreme Prosecutor’s Office, the department in charge has been regularized. Efforts are also being made in units of provinces. In order to close the gap of gender equality and spread the culture of this in these areas, four Gender Equality Centers have been installed in Gyeonggi, Incheon, North Gyeongsang and the South Jeolla provinces. Strengthening the Protection of Women’s Rights for Victims of Violence The government has strengthened support for the increasing number of digital sex victims. The Digital Sexual Crimes Victims Support Center has been established. www.women1366.kr/stopds, and www.women1366.kr are their websites. These people provide counseling support, deleting/investigating/legal support, and medical support. Support for the domestic violence victims has also been strengthened. To help these people stand on their own feet even after they come out of their shelters, support for housing/living expenses such as monthly rent and rental deposits, are being provided. 3. Disabled Welfare Policies Summary Recruitment Support - Support for compulsory education for awareness improvement - Expanding of the scope of beneficiaries of employment incentives for the disabled Support from IT Company - Good Choice (YeogiEottae: 여기어때) Company selects 12 places for the disabled to travel without difficulty. The basic idea of the Welfare Law for the Disabled is defined in three categories. Complete social participation of the disabled, equality of the disabled and social integration through it. Based on this, the Ministry of Health and Welfare’s policy goals and strategies are aimed at an inclusive society where the life gap between the disabled and other citizens is mitigated, and eventually helps the disabled to stand on their own feet. This can be possible by reforming the welfare/health support system, guaranteeing education/culture and sports opportunities, strengthening rights and safety, promoting social participation, and strengthening the foundation of economic independence. There are various policies for the disabled, but among them, we will take a brief look at the current employment system, introduce meaningful IT enterprise activities for the disabled, and conclude by addressing the overall problems of the disabled policies. Recruitment Support In order to eliminate workplace prejudice against disabled workers and create an improved working environment, workplaces must provide education once a year, and impose fines if they fail to do so. The government is supporting education instructors to ease the burden on business owners. You can download the application form from the Korea Employment Service for the Disabled and apply to the institute that carries out the instructor-assisted projects in line with the form by fax or e-mail (https://www.kead.or.kr/view/service/service04_17_12.jsp). The Ministry of Employment and Labor has also strengthened the benefits this year for employers who hire disabled workers. The payment target is the employer that employs the disabled beyond the mandatory employment rate, and the application can be made on the following website; https://www.kead.or.kr/view/service/service04_02_02.jsp?sub2=1. Support from IT Company ‘Non-difficulty travel for the Disabled’ is a tourist destination where disabled people can travel comfortably without any inconvenience, and is a national policy included in the 100 major state tasks "Expanding Tourism Welfare and Boosting the Tourism Industry" to enhance the rights of the disabled. With Innovation, which operates the comprehensive accommodation and activity application Good Choice (YeogiEottae: 여기어때), selected 12 tourist destinations with convenient facilities that guarantee disabled mobility rights as well as restrooms and parking lots among tourist destinations located across the country. Overall Problems of the Disabled Policies Existing policies that define the disabled as incompetent beings who are isolated from society and need protection are being challenged. In addition, facility policies that do not guarantee even the right to speak, which is the actual subject of disabled facilities, tend to bring down the disabled into objects of self-sacrifice. According to the Policy Budget Monitoring Report of the Center for the Disabled, the budget for protecting facilities is higher than that for supporting disabled people to live on their own in the community. This undermines the independence of the disabled and conflicts with the paradigm of self-reliance. Let's look at the following section for more details. Following welfare policies for the Disabled, the SM Herald will handle Sangmyung University policies for disabled students in detail. Let's take a look at how well Sangmyung University supports the education welfare for disabled students. For more information, the SM Herald interviewed with Mr. Seo Geon, the person in charge of the Disabled Students Support Center in Sangmyung University. ▲ The Interview with Mr. Seo Geon [Interview] For convenience, A is a reporter and B is the person in charge of the Disabled Students Support Center. The interview is separated into three parts: Disabled Students Support Center, Facilities for the Disabled, Comparison with Other Schools. ▲ The Disabled Students Support Center ▶Disabled Students Support Center A: When did you start your work at the Disabled Students Support Center? B: I started this job in March 2017. When I started the job, it was a little confusing because I had to face with accidental events like the unexpected increase of disabled students. A: I see. Can you tell me what the Disabled Students Support Center does? B: We are especially focusing on education support for the disabled. The Disabled Students Support Center supports application for classes, the deaf remote assistance and teaching aid devices. Furthermore, the Disabled Students Support Center sends public notices about consideration of disabled students and holds events to improve the consciousness of the disabled. A: There are lots of things to do in the Disabled Students Support Center. I heard that there is a Disabled Students Helping System. What is the Disabled Students Helping System and how can we sign up for it? B: There are two ways to sign up for the Disabled Students Helping System. You can become a helper by applying for either ‘On-Campus Working Scholars’ or ‘National Working Scholars.’ Applying for ‘On-Campus Working Scholars’ requires some more specific qualification than applying for ‘National Working Scholars.’ An applicant needs agreement for the relevant disabled and must be a student who is not able to apply for ‘National Working Scholars.’ It is quite complicated so many students apply for ‘National Working Scholars.’ Currently, there is only one helper who applied to be an ‘On-Campus Working Scholar’ and the other 18 helpers applied to be ‘National Working Scholars.’ ▶Facilities for the disabled A: I found out that the Disabled Students Support Center also handles the task of providing and improving the convenience of disabled students. What kinds of tasks are they doing? B: Recently, we promoted a project installing desks for the disabled in the library. We promoted installing a handrail, too. Besides, we are planning to make a lounge and a study room for the disabled. A: I am wondering about the evaluation results of education welfare support for disabled college students. Could you tell us the results? B: According to the 2017 *Evaluation of Education Welfare Support for Disabled College Students conducted by the Education Ministry, Sangmyung University got a ‘normal grade.’ Because of geographical features like a steep slope, we are making a lot more efforts to support education service for disabled students. ▲ The desk for students who are using wheelchair (located at the library lobby) ▶Comparison with other schools A: How many disabled students in our school? B: 20 students are on the register at present. Three to four disabled students are entering our school every year. A: Then, compared with other schools, is the number of disabled students in Sangmyung University bigger than other schools? B: I think the number of disabled students is bigger than other general universities. However, there are some universities which have lots more students than our university. Typically, Sahmyook University (70 students), Myongji University (62 students) and Korea Nazarene University (374 students). The reason for having lots of disabled students is that they are mission schools. University Total students in school Disabled students in school The number of freshmen who entered by the Special Admission System for students with Disabilities (2018) Sangmyung 6,750 19 6 Kookmin 15,290 8 0 Myongji 6,620 62 18 Sahmyook 5,662 70 25 Korea Nazarene 5,268 374 87 (Academyinfo, A Study on the Establishment and Operation of Students with Disabilities Support System, 2018) From the interview, the SM Herald could notice what the Disabled Students Support Center does to improve disabled students’ education welfare. They support application for classes and implement the Disabled Students Helping System. However, I heard that most disabled students are deaf or have mental weaknesses. It sounds like there are obstacles for physically challenged people to enter our university. Therefore, Sangmyung University has to try hard to improve obstacles like the steep slope or internal facilities. Besides, it is necessary for us to pay attention to disabled students and communicate with disabled students to advance integrated education. Until now, the SM Herald dealt with welfare policies for the Youth, Women, and the Disabled. There were lots of policies and institutes which are working hard for improving welfare. If you pay attention, you will be able to find out more information about Youth, Women, and the Disabled. Besides, the SM Herald deeply handled the Disabled students welfare in Sangmyung University. Through this interview, I hope readers will be more interested in Disabled students. *Evaluation of education welfare support for disabled college students : The Education Ministry is conducting its evaluation every three years. The evaluation implements a comprehensive evaluation of the selection of disabled students, teaching and learning, and areas of facilities and equipment. *Sources: http://www.academyinfo.go.kr/uipnh/unt/unmcom/RdViewer.do https://moe.go.kr/boardCnts/view.do?boardID=333&boardSeq=73780&lev=0&searchType=null&stauusYN=W&page=1&s=moe&m=0501&opType=N http://www.korea.kr/special/policyFocusView.do?newsId=148860639&pkgId=49500727 http://naver.me/xQALZxSG https://blog.naver.com/mogefkorea/221540102901 https://www.mohw.go.kr/react/policy/index.jsp?PAR_MENU_ID=06&MENU_ID=06370102&PAGE=2&topTitle=정책목표/추진전략 http://www.ableinfo.co.kr/bbs/board.php?tbl=business&mode=VIEW&num=73&category=&categoryYear=&findType=&findWord=&sort1=&sort2=&it_id=&shop_flag=&mobile_flag=&year=ok&page=1 https://blog.naver.com/molab_suda/221531694777 https://www.mss.go.kr/site/eng/ex/bbs/View.do?cbIdx=244&bcIdx=1006719 https://www.youthcenter.go.kr/seekActvSptfndAppl/aboutThis.do https://pixabay.com/ko/photos/%ED%88%AC%EC%9E%90-%EA%B8%88%EC%9C%B5-%EC%8B%9C%EA%B0%84-%ED%88%AC%EC%9E%90-%EC%88%98%EC%9D%B5-3247252/ http://biz.heraldcorp.com/common_prog/newsprint.php?ud=20150603000477
이 사이트는 자바스크립트를 지원하지 않으면 정상적으로 보이지 않을수 있습니다.